This course teaches the fundamentals of databases. These include basic concepts and terminology (database, database administrator, database management systems, end- users, etc.), characteristics of the database approach, the three level-schema architecture, and data independence, the Entity Relationship Model (notations and concepts), Relational Model (concepts, constraints, and operations), Relational Algebra, ER to relational mappings, developing database application using SQL, examples of DBMSs, functional dependencies and normalize the database design using three normal forms(First, Second, and Third normal form).